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References

Sources, primaries, and rabbit holes.

Vol. 02 · May 2026 · Booklet · v0.5.0
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02
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№ 09
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2 min
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references
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Consolidated list for Vol. II. This bibliography is scoped to the household-bag material set covered in this manuscript.

Polyethylene

  1. Polyethylene, Wikipedia
  2. Low-density polyethylene, Wikipedia
  3. High-density polyethylene, Wikipedia
  4. Blown film extrusion, Wikipedia
  5. Plastic film recycling, EPA overview
  6. Stress-whitening, Wikipedia
  7. Bucknall, Stress whitening in polyethylene, Polymer (1981)

Can liners, gauge, seal geometry

  1. Heritage / WAXIE, Can Liners 101 (PDF) - LLDPE grades (butene / hexene / octene), HMW-HDPE bands, mil and micron conventions, star vs flat vs gusset seal geometry, static load tables.
  2. AAA Polymer, Mil vs Micron - gauge-unit primer for PE liners and contractor bags.
  3. Pitt Plastics, Can Liners 101 - LLDPE-vs-HDPE liner construction overview.
  4. LyondellBasell, Fundamentals and Troubleshooting for HMW-HDPE Blown Film (PDF) - high-stalk process, BUR, MD/TD tear balance.
  5. Sustainable Packaging Coalition, The State of North American Film Recycling (June 2025) - R-PE / R-LLDPE capacity, contamination realities for store drop-off film bales.

Contractor film and UV

  1. AAA Polymer, What to Look for in Contractor Trash Bags - mil bands (2.0–2.7, 3.0–6.0), failure-mode narrative.
  2. Cabot Corp, Specialty Carbons for UV Protection and Weatherability - carbon black as the dominant UV stabilizer for polyolefins; particle-size and dispersion dependence.

Compostable and biocompostable films

  1. European Bioplastics, EN 13432 factsheet (PDF) - industrial compostability requirements: 90% biodegradation in 6 months, <2 mm disintegration in 12 weeks, ecotoxicity, heavy-metal limits.
  2. ASTM D6400-21, Standard Specification for Labeling of Plastics Designed to be Aerobically Composted in Municipal or Industrial Facilities - North American industrial compostability standard.
  3. TÜV Austria, OK compost HOME vs OK compost INDUSTRIAL - home vs industrial certification scope; basis for EN 17427, AS 5810.
  4. BPI, Compostability Certification (Biodegradable Products Institute) - North American third-party certification mark to ASTM D6400.
  5. Sustainable Packaging Coalition, Understanding the Role of Compostable Packaging (2023, PDF) - share of US composting facilities accepting compostable packaging (102 of ~643 verified facilities) and share of large-city residential programs that route compostables to them (single-digit municipal, low-double-digit private).
  6. Closed Loop Partners / Composting Consortium, Don’t Spoil the Soil (2024, PDF) - contamination at US composting facilities; conventional plastic is the dominant contaminant, not compostable packaging.
  7. Specialty Polymer, PHA, PHB, PBAT, PLA, PBS, PCL, and TPS Explained - polymer-by-polymer field reference for compostable film chemistry.
  8. FTC Green Guides (16 CFR Part 260), full text (PDF) - §260.7 compostable claims and §260.8 degradable claims.

Polypropylene

  1. Polypropylene, Wikipedia
  2. Nonwoven fabric, Wikipedia (includes spunbond process)
  3. Spunbond and meltblown nonwovens, INDA technical overview (industry primer on spunbond, calender bonding, through-air bonding, and spunlace)
  4. Titanium dioxide, Wikipedia (opacifier and partial UV shield in pigmented PP)

Paper

  1. Kraft paper, Wikipedia
  2. Cellulose, Wikipedia
  3. Wet-strength resin (PAE), Wikipedia (polyamide-epichlorohydrin chemistry behind rain-resistant kraft)

Degradation

  1. Ultraviolet light accelerates the degradation of polyethylene plastics, PubMed

Little Bag Buddy, Vol. II: Home Bags, v0.5.0, May 2026, Paolo Gabriel